HONG KONG: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a global public health concern. Early identification and timely support for children with ASD can significantly enhance their likelihood of independent living and improved social functioning. However, this neurodevelopmental disorder is often diagnosed later in life, and screening methods mostly rely on subjective teacher and parent assessments. In a new study, researchers at the University of Hong Kong have found that oral microbiota could serve as an effective early screening tool for ASD, potentially improving both diagnostic accuracy and intervention outcomes.